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The Howth gun running involved the delivery of 900 Mauser rifles to the Irish Volunteers at Howth harbour in Ireland on 26 July 1914. The unloading of guns from a private yacht during daylight hours attracted a crowd, and the authorities ordered police and military intervention. The Volunteers successfully evaded the security forces. As the King's Own Scottish Borderers returned to barracks, they were accosted by civilians at Bachelors Walk, who threw stones and exchanged insults with the regulars. The soldiers shot into the unarmed crowd and bayoneted one man, resulting in the deaths of four civilians and wounding of 38. == Gun-running plan == According to Darrell Figgis, the plan was first conceived in April 1914, in response to the Curragh incident on 20 March. Many Irish people believed that the British Army could not be relied on to enforce Home Rule when it was enacted, and many Irish Volunteers also felt that availability of arms would aid recruitment. At a lunch attended by Alice Stopford Green, Sir Roger Casement, Figgis and Eoin MacNeill, it was decided that Figgis would contact Michael O'Rahilly to raise funds to buy arms. He was unsuccessful and the group was dismayed to learn of the Larne gun-running of the Ulster Volunteers (UVF). Senior Irish Volunteer Patrick Pearse had commented that: "the only thing more ridiculous than an Ulsterman with a rifle is a Nationalist without one".〔M McNally, "Easter Rising 1916: Birth of the Irish Republic", (Osprey 2007), p.13.〕 Casement asked Alice Green for a loan to be repaid when the volunteers bought their rifles. Casement, Figgis and Erskine Childers visited the London agent of a Belgian arms dealer. They eventually closed with a dealer in Hamburg, introduced to them by O'Rahilly, and settled on a sale of 1,500 rifles.〔Inglis, B., ''Roger Casement''; Coronet, 1973, pp.262-265 and 275-277. ISBN 0-340-18292-X〕 Transport from Germany to Ireland was carried out by Erskine Childers, Molly Childers, Sir Roger Casement, Alice Green and Mary Spring Rice.〔Martin, Francis Xavier, 1922-2000 (ed.) ''The Howth Gun-running and the Kilcoole Gun-running, 1914'' (and documents ); foreword by Eamon de Valera. Dublin: Browne and Nolan, (1964)〕 Molly Childers and Spring Rice established a board to raise more funds for the arms, and succeeded in obtaining just over £2,000. Molly kept a diary of the events, a witty historical document. The Childers offered their pleasure yacht, the ''Asgard'', to carry 900 of the Mauser M1871 11 mm calibre single-shot rifles and 29,000 rounds of its black powder ammunition.〔("Easter Rising" ), ''The Irish Times''〕 In order to buy these guns, Erskine Childers - who drafted the contract - told the German arms dealers that the rifles were destined for Mexico. The guns, dating from the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–71 were still functioning. They were later used in the attack on the GPO in the Easter Rising of 1916. A much smaller number of Mauser rifles was landed from the ''Chotah'' simultaneously at Kilcoole in County Wicklow by Sir Thomas Myles, Tom Kettle, and James Meredith. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Howth gun-running」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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